Debian 12 部署 Zabbix 7.2

环境准备

  • 系统:Debian 12
  • 数据库:MySQL 8.0
  • 网站服务器:Nginx
  • Zabbix:Zabbix 7.2

一、前期准备

换镜像源

为加速软件包下载,建议更换国内源:

编辑文件:

nano /etc/apt/sources.list

阿里云源

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib

清华源

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

保存退出后,更新源:

sudo apt update

二、安装依赖

apt install -y gnupg2 wget gnupg sudo

三、下载 MySQL

1. 安装 MySQL 仓库

Debian 12 默认不包含 MySQL 软件包(被 MariaDB 替换),需从 MySQL 官网下载安装:

wget https://repo.mysql.com/mysql-apt-config_0.8.29-1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.29-1_all.deb

安装过程中:

  • 默认回车选择 MySQL 8.0。
  • 选择 ok 后回车,完成仓库安装。

2. 安装 MySQL 数据库

apt update
apt install -y mysql-server

设置 MySQL 登录密码(本地环境可简单,公网环境需设置强密码)。

四、下载安装 Zabbix

1. 安装 Zabbix 仓库

wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/7.2/release/debian/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_latest_7.2+debian12_all.deb
dpkg -i zabbix-release_latest_7.2+debian12_all.deb
rm zabbix-release_latest_7.2+debian12_all.deb
apt update

2. 安装 Zabbix Server

apt install -y zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php zabbix-nginx-conf zabbix-sql-scripts zabbix-agent

五、创建 Zabbix 相关库

1. 创建 Zabbix 数据库

登录 MySQL(使用安装时设置的密码):

mysql -uroot -p

执行以下 SQL 命令:

create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
create user zabbix@localhost identified by '12345678';
grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost;
set global log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1;
quit;

2. 导入数据

zcat /usr/share/zabbix/sql-scripts/mysql/server.sql.gz | mysql --default-character-set=utf8mb4 -uzabbix -p12345678 zabbix

六、配置 Zabbix

1. 为 Zabbix Server 配置数据库

编辑 /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

nano /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

修改以下内容(将 password 替换为 Zabbix 用户密码):

DBPassword=12345678

若数据库名或用户名非默认(zabbix),需相应修改 DBNameDBUser

2. 为 Zabbix 前端配置 PHP

编辑 /etc/zabbix/nginx.conf

nano /etc/zabbix/nginx.conf

取消以下内容的注释:

listen 8080;
server_name example.com;

3. 启动 Zabbix 相关进程

systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent nginx php8.2-fpm
systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent nginx php8.2-fpm

七、Web 访问

1. Web 界面配置

访问路径:http://<服务器IP>:8080

  • 检查必要条件,确保全部为 OK 状态,否则根据提示修改参数。
  • 输入创建数据库时的用户名和密码。
  • 设置时区为 Asia/Shanghai (UTC +08:00)
  • 主机名自定义,默认下一步完成安装。

2. Web 登录

默认用户:Admin
默认密码:zabbix

登录后,建议立即修改 Admin 账户密码(公网环境尤为重要)。

八、解决监控图形界面乱码

若监控图形界面出现乱码(如 XY 轴显示异常),可替换字体

下载字体文件替换默认字体:

wget https://console.yumesakura.com/down/0EKF7a5Hj7Eh.TTF -O /usr/share/zabbix/ui/assets/fonts/graphfont.ttf

九、部署完成

部署完成后,访问:

http://<服务器IP>:8080

默认用户:Admin
默认密码:zabbix

梦葉樱 all right reserved,powered by Gitbook该文件最后修改时间: 2025-08-08 16:06:02

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